Vertabrae - The lower vertebrae provide a bony enclosure for the cauda equina nerves that descend from the spinal cord. Control leg movements. The lumbar spinal nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and cauda equina to …

 
Vertebrae, apart from those that are atypical, have a similar basic structure which can be described as an anterior vertebral body and a posterior neural (or vertebral) arch. These basic characteristics vary depending on the function of each individual vertebra. The vertebral body is the large anterior cylindrical portion that is predominantly responsible for bearing the …. Chef chan

Your cervical spine consists of the first seven vertebrae in your spine. It provides support for the weight of your head, surrounds and protects your spinal cord, and allows for a wide range of head motions. Many conditions affect this area of your spine, including neck pain, arthritis, degenerative bone and disk disease, and stenosis.Nov 14, 2023 · Synonyms: Vertebrae C1-C7. The cervical portion of the spine is an important one anatomically and clinically. It is within this region that the nerves to the arms arise via the brachial plexus, and where the cervical plexus forms providing innervation to the diaphragm among other structures. The cervical spine also allows passage of important ... Fig 1.0 – Overview of the location of the lumbar vertebrae. The lumbar spine is the third region of the vertebral column, located in the lower back between the thoracic and sacral vertebral segments. It is …How to say vertebrae in English? Pronunciation of vertebrae with 2 audio pronunciations, 1 meaning, 13 translations and more for vertebrae.The lumbo-sacral spine includes: Lumbar vertebrae: Numbered L1 through L5, these odd-shaped vertebrae signal the end of the typical bones of the spinal column. Sacrum: This triangle-shaped bone is ...When chronic pain from a spinal compression fracture persists despite rest, activity modification, back bracing, and pain medication, surgery is the next step. Surgical procedures used to treat ...A variety of structural developmental anomalies affect the vertebral column. Malformed vertebrae can arise secondary to errors of vertebral formation, fusion and/or segmentation and developmental variation. Malformations can be simple with little or no clinical consequence, or complex with serious structural and neurologic implications. …It is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord, which passes down the back through openings in the vertebrae. Figure 1. Vertebral Column. The adult vertebral column consists of 24 vertebrae, plus the sacrum and coccyx.The spinal column is made of 24 individual vertebrae that go from the skull to the sacrum. From head to toe, the cervical spine connects the skull to the thoracic spine and consists of 7 bones called vertabrae, labeled C1-C7. The thoracic spine has 12 vertebrae labeled T1-T12 and also connect to the ribcage.The vertebrae in each region have unique features that help them perform their main functions. Cervical (neck) - the main function of the cervical spine is to support the weight of the head (about 10 pounds). The seven cervical vertebrae are numbered C1 to C7. The neck has the greatest range of motion because of two specialized vertebrae that connect …The vertebrae are the box-shaped bones stacked on top of each other that make up the spinal column. Each vertebra should be neatly stacked on the one above and below. The spinal column has a normal S-shaped curvature when viewed from the side, but each vertebra should be neatly positioned on top of the vertebra below. In spondylolisthesis, the vertebrae …The spinal cord, like the brain, has two major layers of protection. First are the vertebrae of the spine, and underneath those are three layers of tough membrane called the meninges. The meninges ...Vertebrae. The spine, vertebral column, or backbone is defined as the bony structure that runs from the inferior aspect of the occipital bone of the skull to the tip of the coccyx. However, the spinal cord is the tubular …Nov 1, 2023 · L5 Vertebra. L5, the fifth lumbar vertebra, is a pivotal component of the lumbar spine. It sits above the sacral region and below the fourth lumbar vertebra, L4. It is the lowest of the lumbar vertebra and is characterized by its large, robust body, designed to withstand significant loads and stresses. L5 connects the mobile lumbar spine with ... The vertebral column is composed of the vertebrae and the fibrocartilaginous intervertebral (IV) discs between them. It forms the main skeleton of the neck and back, extending from the base of the skull to the tip of the coccyx.The vertebral column consists of several joints that permit various movements of the column. These joints are typically …Aug 14, 2023 · Atypical Vertebrae . The atypical vertebrae are cervical level one and two (C1 and C2). Cervical one is also called the atlas, as it supports the weight of your skull. Cervical two is called the axis, as it is the one essential for allowing rotation to occur in the cervical spine. Both the atlas and axis are small, flat vertebrae. Vertebrae. A vertebra (plural: vertebrae) is a fundamental bony unit of the spine. Vertebrae within one region of the spine appear slightly different than in the other. They vary in size and present distinct features. However, all vertebrae also have some common characteristics. A typical vertebra has a vertebral body, vertebral arch and ... The vertebral column is divided into five main sections and each contains a specific number of vertebrae. The lower nine vertebrae are fused – the sacrum consists of five fused vertebrae and the ...Jun 11, 2021 · Vertebrae are the 33 individual, interlocking bones that form the spinal column. Each vertebra has three main functional components: the vertebral body for l... Vertebrae in the lumbar region are characterized by large vertebral bodies. The robust structure of the vertebral bodies in lumbar vertebrae provides strong weight‐bearing structures. There are no costal facets on lumbar vertebrae for articulation with ribs (Drake et al. 2009; Moore et al. 2010, 2014; Rawls & Fisher, 2010; Standring, …Jun 6, 2022 · The spinal column is made of 24 individual vertebrae that go from the skull to the sacrum. From head to toe, the cervical spine connects the skull to the thoracic spine and consists of 7 bones called vertabrae, labeled C1-C7. The thoracic spine has 12 vertebrae labeled T1-T12 and also connect to the ribcage. Bone spurs on your vertebrae extend into your spinal canal, narrowing the space and pinching nerves in your spine. Paget’s disease of the bone can also cause an overgrowth of bone in your spine. Bulging or herniated disks: Between each vertebra is a flat, round cushioning pad (vertebral disk) that acts as a shock absorber. As you age, the …1/3. Synonyms: Vertebrae L1-L5. The lumbar spine is located in the lower half of the vertebral column, inferior to the thoracic vertebrae / rib cage and superior to the pelvis and …VERTEBRA definition: 1. one of the small bones that form the spine (= back bone) 2. one of the small bones that form the…. Learn more.Oct 30, 2023 · Vertebral column anatomy 101. The vertebral column (spine) extends from the inferior aspect of the occipital bone of the skull to the tip of the coccyx. It can be divided into 5 regions, each characterized by different types of vertebrae: Cervical region (7 vertebrae) Thoracic region (12 vertebrae) Lumbar region (5 vertebrae) Other articles where vertebra is discussed: joint: Symphyses: …one between each pair of vertebrae below the first cervical vertebra, or atlas, and above the second sacral vertrebra (just above the tailbone). The lumbar (lower back) disks are thickest, the thoracic (chest or upper back) are thinnest, and the cervical are of intermediate size. These differences are associated with… Symptoms. Vertebral tumors can cause different signs and symptoms, especially as tumors grow. The tumors may affect your spinal cord or the nerve roots, blood vessels, or bones of your spine. Vertebral tumor signs and symptoms may include: Pain at the site of the tumor due to tumor growth. Back pain, often radiating to other parts of your …93K Followers, 1 Following, 53 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from VERTABRAE (@vvertabrae)As nouns the difference between vertebra and vertebrae. is that vertebra is any of the small bones which make up the backbone while vertebrae is irregular plural of vertebra; the bones that make up the spinal column.T1 Vertebrae Pain & Symptoms. This level is also sometimes called C-8. Survivors with an injury at this level can expect to have the use of the head, neck, shoulders, arms, hands, and fingers. It is quite possible for survivors with spinal cord injuries at this level to live independently. Shoulder pains.Hemivertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly that results from a lack of formation of one half of a vertebral body. It is a common cause of congenital scoliosis. Epidemiology The estimated incidence is at ~0.3 per 1000 live births 2. Associati...The lumbar vertebrae are the largest movable bones of the backbone. The L2 vertebra is the second lumbar spinal vertebra in the human body. Along with the other vertebrae, it makes up the spinal ...Your thoracic spine is the middle section of your spine. It starts at the base of your neck and ends at the bottom of your ribs. It’s the longest section of your spine. Your thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae, labeled T1 through T12. Vertebrae are the 33 individual, interlocking bones that form your spinal column.May 7, 2020 · Vertebrae founder Vince Cacace is an immersive commerce pioneer and helped set advertising standards for 3D and AR-based formats. Vertebrae has worked with Facebook, Google, and Microsofton their 3D and AR initiatives, and the list of platform partners continues to grow. Leading brands have achieved sales success with Vertebrae. The human backbone encloses the vertebral or spinal column and the fluid surrounding it. The backbone is made up of a series of tiny, circular bones called vertebrae. Each vertebra has a hole through which the spinal cord passes as well as several projections for muscle attachment and articulation. The names of the vertebrae, or the human ...The vertebral column is composed of the vertebrae and the fibrocartilaginous intervertebral (IV) discs between them. It forms the main skeleton of the neck and back, extending from the base of the skull to the tip of the coccyx.The vertebral column consists of several joints that permit various movements of the column. These joints are typically …Apr 23, 2019 · The thoracic vertebrae are bones located between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae. There are 12 thoracic vertebrae in humans, and these bones increase in size as you move down the body. They are thicker and larger than the cervical vertebrae but smaller than the lumbar vertebral bones. The increase in size ensures they can support the weight ... The last three to five (usually four) vertebrae of the spinal column are fused together to make the coccyx, colloquially known as the tailbone. Fusion begins during a person's 20s and is usually complete by the age of 30. Before fusion occurs, the coccygeal vertebra articulate just like any other section of the spinal column. There is a debate …Hemivertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly that results from a lack of formation of one half of a vertebral body. It is a common cause of congenital scoliosis. Epidemiology The estimated incidence is at ~0.3 per 1000 live births 2. Associati...When chronic pain from a spinal compression fracture persists despite rest, activity modification, back bracing, and pain medication, surgery is the next step. Surgical procedures used to treat ...Vertebrae are the 33 individual, interlocking bones that form the spinal column. Each vertebra has three main functional components: the vertebral body for load-bearing, the …T1 Vertebrae Pain & Symptoms. This level is also sometimes called C-8. Survivors with an injury at this level can expect to have the use of the head, neck, shoulders, arms, hands, and fingers. It is quite possible for survivors with spinal cord injuries at this level to live independently. Shoulder pains.Vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are the individual irregular bones that make up the spinal column (aka ischis) – a flexuous and flexible column. There are normally thirty-three (33) vertebrae in humans, including the five that are fused to form the sacrum (the others are separated by intervertebral discs ) and the four coccygeal bones which form the tailbone .The L5 and S1 vertebrae have different features: L5 consists of a vertebral body in front and an arch in the back that has 3 bony protrusions: a prominent spinous process in the middle and two transverse processes on the sides. These protrusions serve as attachment points for ligaments. S1, also called the sacral base, is the upper and wider end of the triangular …Compression fractures are small breaks in the vertebrae (bones in your spine). They're more common in women over 50. As bones weaken with age and osteoporosis, they're more likely to break. Over time, breaks in the vertebrae cause the spine to collapse and curve over. Treatment includes rest, medications, braces and minimally invasive surgery.VERTEBRA 意味, 定義, VERTEBRA は何か: 1. one of the small bones that form the spine (= back bone) 2. one of the small bones that form the…. もっと見るThe lower vertebrae provide a bony enclosure for the cauda equina nerves that descend from the spinal cord. Control leg movements. The lumbar spinal nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and cauda equina to …Jul 16, 2019 · The lumbar vertebrae consist of five individual cylindrical bones that form the spine in the lower back. These vertebrae carry all of the upper body’s weight while providing flexibility and movement to the trunk region. They also protect the delicate spinal cord and nerves within their vertebral canal. Found along the body’s midline in the ... The vertebrae that make up the spine are classified into distinct sections: the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx. The primary differences between the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae can be found in their respective locations along the spinal column. The cervical vertebrae are the first seven vertebrae located at the top of the spine, starting …The main symptoms of spondylolisthesis include: pain in your lower back, often worse when standing or walking and relieved when sitting or bending forward. pain spreading to your bottom or thighs. tight hamstrings (the muscles in the back of your thighs) pain, numbness or tingling spreading from your lower back down 1 leg ( sciatica)Your thoracic spine is the middle section of your spine. It starts at the base of your neck and ends at the bottom of your ribs. It’s the longest section of your spine. Your thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae, labeled T1 through T12. Vertebrae are the 33 individual, interlocking bones that form your spinal column.Jul 30, 2023 · Vertebrae, along with intervertebral discs, compose the vertebral column or spine. The vertebral column extends from the skull to the coccyx and includes the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. The spine has several significant roles in the body, including protection of the spinal cord and branching spinal nerves, support for the thorax and abdomen, and enabling flexibility and ... Between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae are the thoracic vertebrae. The T10 has a complete articular facet and the thoracic spinal nerves passes through underneath it. It (in ...Function. Associated Conditions. The sacrum is a single bone comprised of five separate vertebrae. It is shaped like an upside-down triangle and sits at the bottom of the spinal column, connecting it to the pelvis. This robust bone can endure a lot of pressure and motion.The lumbar spine comprises the lower end of the spinal column between the last thoracic vertebra (T12) and the first sacral vertebra (S1). The spinal cord in this region has protection from five durable and mobile vertebrae (L1-L5) that allow for the dispersion of axial forces. The spinal cord runs through the center of the vertebral column and terminates in the …It is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord, which passes down the back through openings in the vertebrae. Figure 1. Vertebral Column. The adult vertebral column consists of 24 vertebrae, plus the sacrum and coccyx. The vertebrae come in different shapes and sizes, and they have unique features depending on their region. Typical vertebrae have a basic structure in common, consisting of a vertebral body, a vertebral arch, and 7 processes: a spinous process, 2 transverse processes, and 2 superior and 2 inferior articular processes. 3. Lumbar Vertebrae. The spine has 5 lumbar vertebrae(L1-L5) supporting the body weight. They have large, kidney-shaped vertebral bodies, triangular vertebral foramen, and short spinous processes. Among all the vertebrae, the L5 lumbar vertebra is the largest. 4. Sacrum. It looks like a single bony component composed of 5 fused vertebrae (S1-S5). The meaning of VERTEBRA is one of the bony or cartilaginous segments composing the spinal column, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae …Define vertebrae. vertebrae synonyms, vertebrae pronunciation, vertebrae translation, English dictionary definition of vertebrae. ) n. pl. ver·te·brae ) or ver·te·bras Any of the segments, composed of cartilage in cartilaginous fishes and of bone in other vertebrates, ...Vertebrae, along with intervertebral discs, compose the vertebral column or spine. It extends from the skull to the coccyx and includes the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. The spine has several major roles in the body that include: protection of the spinal cord and branching spinal nerves, support for the thorax and abdomen and allows for flexibility and …Vertebroplasty is a treatment that injects cement into a cracked or broken spinal bone to help relieve pain. Spinal bones are called vertebrae. Vertebroplasty is used most often to treat a type of injury called a compression fracture. These injuries are usually caused by osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bone. Fracture types. The most common types of spinal fractures include: Compression fractures: Compression fractures are small breaks or cracks in your vertebrae that are caused by traumas or develop over time as a result of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that weakens your bones, making them more susceptible to sudden and unexpected fractures. Gross anatomy. Vertebrae, apart from those that are atypical, have a similar basic structure which can be described as an anterior vertebral body and a posterior neural (or vertebral) arch. These basic characteristics vary depending on the function of each individual vertebra. The vertebral body is the large anterior cylindrical portion that is ...Anatomy. The seven cervical vertebrae can be divided into two groups: atypical vertebrae and typical vertebrae. Atypical Vertebrae. The atypical vertebrae are cervical level …Jan 23, 2018 · The groups of the vertebrae consist of: 7 cervical vertebrae, which are located in the neck. 12 thoracic vertebrae, located in the upper area of the back. 5 lumbar vertebrae. 5 sacral vertebrae. 4 ... Cervical vertebrae C3 through C6 are known as typical vertebrae because they share the same basic characteristics with most of the vertebrae throughout the rest of the spine. Typical vertebrae have: Vertebral body. This thick bone is cylindrical-shaped and located at the front of the vertebra. The vertebral body carries most of the load for a vertebra. At most levels of the …The human spine is a column of 33 total vertebrae, of which 24 are movable and free (the remainder are fused). The movable vertebrae are divided into three regions: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar.The vertebrae initially arise from 3 primary ossification centers during embryogenesis: one in the centrum of the vertebral body and one in either vertebral arch. However, 5 ossification centers develop during the 1st year of life: one at either transverse process, one at the spinous process margin, and one each at the superior and inferior …The last three to five (usually four) vertebrae of the spinal column are fused together to make the coccyx, colloquially known as the tailbone. Fusion begins during a person's 20s and is usually complete by the age of 30. Before fusion occurs, the coccygeal vertebra articulate just like any other section of the spinal column. There is a debate …Anatomy of the Vertebral Pedicle. Fig. 1. ( a) Schematic of a right-side view of a lumbar vertebra showing the position of the pedicle (P) between the vertebral body in front (1) and posterior arch. The posterior point of entry to the pedicle is located at the junction of the upper facet joint (2), the lamina (3) and the transverse process (4 ...Apr 19, 2019 · The vertebrae are the bones that make up the backbone of vertebrate animals. These cervical bones are the smallest in the body in mammals, although they are not the smallest bones found within the animal. The bones are identified as C1 through C7, and they increase in size as you move down the body. The C1 vertebra is also known as the atlas. Oct 30, 2023 · Vertebral column anatomy 101. The vertebral column (spine) extends from the inferior aspect of the occipital bone of the skull to the tip of the coccyx. It can be divided into 5 regions, each characterized by different types of vertebrae: Cervical region (7 vertebrae) Thoracic region (12 vertebrae) Lumbar region (5 vertebrae) Spinal anatomy. Print. Products and services. The spine (vertebral column) of a typical adult is composed of 32 vertebrae divided into five sections. Share. Advertisement. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Advertising & Sponsorship. The vertebrae come in different shapes and sizes, and they have unique features depending on their region. Typical vertebrae have a basic structure in common, consisting of a vertebral body, a vertebral arch, and 7 processes: a spinous process, 2 transverse processes, and 2 superior and 2 inferior articular processes. Block vertebrae is a congenital condition that happens when two or more of your vertebrae are fused together. Learn about symptoms, risk factors, treatment, and more.Mar 22, 2022 · Your thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae, labeled T1 through T12. Vertebrae are the 33 individual, interlocking bones that form your spinal column. These bones help protect your spinal cord from injury while allowing you to twist and turn. Between the vertebral bones are disks that provide cushioning for your vertebrae and flexibility for you. The vertebrae of the spine stack on top of each other to form the vertebral column. This column contains three curves, which are the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine.The spinal column is made of 24 individual vertebrae that go from the skull to the sacrum. From head to toe, the cervical spine connects the skull to the thoracic spine and consists of 7 bones called vertabrae, labeled C1-C7. The thoracic spine has 12 vertebrae labeled T1-T12 and also connect to the ribcage.Function. Associated Conditions. The sacrum is a single bone comprised of five separate vertebrae. It is shaped like an upside-down triangle and sits at the bottom of the spinal column, connecting it to the pelvis. This robust bone can endure a lot of pressure and motion.The lumbar vertebrae are the largest movable bones of the backbone. The L2 vertebra is the second lumbar spinal vertebra in the human body. Along with the other vertebrae, it makes up the spinal ...Vertebrae, along with intervertebral discs, compose the vertebral column or spine. It extends from the skull to the coccyx and includes the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. The spine has several major roles in the body that include: protection of the spinal cord and branching spinal nerves, support for the thorax and abdomen and allows for flexibility and …

Vertebrae. The spine, vertebral column, or backbone is defined as the bony structure that runs from the inferior aspect of the occipital bone of the skull to the tip of the coccyx. However, the spinal cord is the tubular …. Maryland zoo in baltimore

vertabrae

Your cart. Close Cart. V E R T A B R A E Vertabrae is his new venture - a brand he has created as an outlet for his artistic vision and extensive experience, and a way to show off his real creative side. His aesthetic can be best described as a fusion of laid-back cool …Jul 7, 2023 · The vertebrae are the box-shaped bones stacked on top of each other that make up the spinal column. Each vertebra should be neatly stacked on the one above and below. The spinal column has a normal S-shaped curvature when viewed from the side, but each vertebra should be neatly positioned on top of the vertebra below. A compression fracture is a bone break to the spine’s vertebrae. Osteoporosis is the most common cause of compression fractures. The condition weakens a person’s bones to the extent that they ...VERTEBRAE meaning: 1. plural of vertebra specialized 2. plural of vertebra specialized. Learn more.May 7, 2020 · Vertebrae founder Vince Cacace is an immersive commerce pioneer and helped set advertising standards for 3D and AR-based formats. Vertebrae has worked with Facebook, Google, and Microsofton their 3D and AR initiatives, and the list of platform partners continues to grow. Leading brands have achieved sales success with Vertebrae. The vertebrae are the box-shaped bones stacked on top of each other that make up the spinal column. Each vertebra should be neatly stacked on the one above and below. The spinal column has a normal S-shaped curvature when viewed from the side, but each vertebra should be neatly positioned on top of the vertebra below. In spondylolisthesis, the vertebrae …Phonetic: When you begin to speak English, it's essential to get used to the common sounds of the language, and the best way to do this is to check out the phonetics. Below is the UK transcription for 'vertebrae' : Modern IPA: və́ːtɪbrɛ́j. Traditional IPA: ˌvɜːtɪˈbreɪ. 3 syllables : "VUR" + "ti" + "BRAY".The groups of the vertebrae consist of: 7 cervical vertebrae, which are located in the neck. 12 thoracic vertebrae, located in the upper area of the back. 5 lumbar vertebrae. 5 sacral vertebrae. 4 ...It is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord, which passes down the back through openings in the vertebrae. Vertebral Column. The adult vertebral column consists of 24 vertebrae, plus the sacrum and coccyx.An intervertebral disc is a structure located between adjacent vertebrae of the spine. It consists of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a gel-like center called the nucleus pulposus. The intervertebral disc acts as a cushion, allowing the spine to bend and twist without damaging the vertebrae. If the disc is damaged or degenerates, it …The Vertebrae breaks in fast and breaks down slow, creating a consistent fit right out of the box. Color blocking in a Nike heritage palette gives this modern shoe the perfect touch of retro. …Anatomy. The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system (CNS). It is situated inside the vertebral canal of the vertebral column. During development, there’s a disproportion between spinal cord growth and vertebral column growth. The spinal cord finishes growing at the age of 4, while the vertebral column finishes growing at age 14-18.Vertebrae stands out as the first point where Enslaved stopped trying to be progressive by way of aping Jethro Tull and Pink Floyd, and instead adopted the progressive mindset for themselves. I'd say Enslaved are still every bit as restrained as they were on Isa. The material itself is a lot less predictable however.Vertebrae, along with intervertebral discs, compose the vertebral column or spine. It extends from the skull to the coccyx and includes the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. The spine has several major roles in the body that include: protection of the spinal cord and branching spinal nerves, support for thorax and abdomen, and enables …The human backbone encloses the vertebral or spinal column and the fluid surrounding it. The backbone is made up of a series of tiny, circular bones called vertebrae. Each vertebra has a hole through which the spinal cord passes as well as several projections for muscle attachment and articulation. The names of the vertebrae, or the human ...The vertebrae are identified by a letter and a number, so for the cervical vertebrae you have vertebrae C1-C7; for the thoracic vertebrae you have T1-T12, and for the lumbar vertebrae you have L1-L5. This naming convention is useful when referring to anatomical land marks and when referring to spinal nerves. With regard to the spinal nerves, these are named ….

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